Diagram of an airplane with labeled axes: lateral, longitudinal, and vertical, showing rotational movements around each axis.

Primary Flight Controls

The Elevator is used to maneuver the aircraft around the lateral axis (pitch).

Ailerons are used to maneuver the aircraft around the longitudinal axis (roll). When making a turn to the right, the left aileron moves down to increase camber (lift) on the left wing; the right aileron moves up to reduce the lift (or provide lift in a downward direction) on the right wing. These movements are reversed when making a left turn.

The Rudder is used to maneuver the aircraft around the vertical axis (yaw).